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(732) What Has Been Related About Breaking The Voluntary Fast
حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَسْمَعُ سِمَاكَ بْنَ حَرْبٍ، يَقُولُ: أَحَدُ ابْنَيْ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ، حَدَّثَنِي فَلَقِيتُ أَنَا أَفْضَلَهُمَا، وكانت أم هانئ جدته، فَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ جَدَّتِهِ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا فَدَعَى بِشَرَابٍ فَشَرِبَ، ثُمَّ نَاوَلَهَا فَشَرِبَتْ، فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَمَا إِنِّي كُنْتُ صَائِمَةً، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: الصَّائِمُ الْمُتَطَوِّعُ أَمِينُ نَفْسِهِ، إِنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ . قَالَ شُعْبَةُ: فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: أَأَنْتَ سَمِعْتَ هَذَا مِنْ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ، قَالَ: لَا، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو صَالِحٍ وَأَهْلُنَا، عَنْ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ. وَرَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ، عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ، فَقَالَ: عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ بِنْتِ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ، عَنْ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ، وَرِوَايَةُ شُعْبَةَ أَحْسَنُ، هَكَذَا حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي دَاوُدَ، فَقَالَ: أَمِينُ نَفْسِهِ، وحَدَّثَنَا غَيْرُ مَحْمُودٍ، عَنْ أَبِي دَاوُدَ، فَقَالَ: أَمِيرُ نَفْسِهِ أَوْ أَمِينُ نَفْسِهِ عَلَى الشَّكِّ، وَهَكَذَا رُوِيَ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ أَمِينُ أَوْ أَمِيرُ نَفْسِهِ عَلَى الشَّكِّ. قَالَ: وَحَدِيثُ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ مَقَالٌ، وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ، أَنَّ الصَّائِمَ الْمُتَطَوِّعَ إِذَا أَفْطَرَ فَلَا قَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُحِبَّ أَنْ يَقْضِيَهُ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ، وَأَحْمَدَ، وَإِسْحَاق، وَالشَّافِعِيِّ.
SAHIH HADITH:
Simak bin Harb narrated: A person from the offspring of Umm Hani narrated to me - I met one of the most virtuous among them, and his name was Ja'dah, and Umm Hani was his grandmother - he narrated to me from his grandmother that the Messenger of Allah entered upon her and asked for some drink, and he drank. Then he offered it to her and she drank it. Then she said: O Messenger of Allah! I was fasting. So the Messenger of Allah said: The one fasting a voluntary fast is the trustee for himself; if he wishes he fasts, and if he wishes he breaks. Shu'bah (one of the narrators) said: I said to him (Ja'dah), 'Did you hear this from Umm Hani?' He said: 'No Abu Salih and our family informed us of it from Umm Hani.'
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