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(3316) A Vow Concerning What One Does Not Possess
حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ، عَنْعِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ، قَالَ: كَانَتِ الْعَضْبَاءُ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي عُقَيْلٍ، وَكَانَتْ مِنْ سَوَابِقِ الْحَاجِّ، قَالَ: فَأُسِرَ، فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ فِي وَثَاقٍ، وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى حِمَارٍ عَلَيْهِ قَطِيفَةٌ، فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، عَلَامَ تَأْخُذُنِي وَتَأْخُذُ سَابِقَةَ الْحَاجِّ ؟، قَالَ: نَأْخُذُكَ بِجَرِيرَةِ حُلَفَائِكَ ثَقِيفَ، قَالَ: وَكَانَ ثَقِيفُ قَدْ أَسَرُوا رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: وَقَدْ قَالَ فِيمَا قَالَ: وَأَنَا مُسْلِمٌ، أَوْ قَالَ: وَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ، فَلَمَّا مَضَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد: فَهِمْتُ هَذَا مِنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى، نَادَاهُ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، يَا مُحَمَّدُ، قَالَ: وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَحِيمًا، رَفِيقًا، فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: مَا شَأْنُكَ ؟ قَالَ: إِنِّي مُسْلِمٌ، قَالَ: لَوْ قُلْتَهَا وَأَنْتَ تَمْلِكُ أَمْرَكَ، أَفْلَحْتَ كُلَّ الْفَلَاحِ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد: ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ إِلَى حَدِيثِ سُلَيْمَانَ، قَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، إِنِّي جَائِعٌ فَأَطْعِمْنِي، إِنِّي ظَمْآنٌ فَاسْقِنِي، قَالَ: فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: هَذِهِ حَاجَتُكَ، أَوْ قَالَ: هَذِهِ حَاجَتُهُ، قَالَ: فَفُودِيَ الرَّجُلُ بَعْدُ بِالرَّجُلَيْنِ، قَالَ: وَحَبَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْعَضْبَاءَ لِرَحْلِهِ، قَالَ: فَأَغَارَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ عَلَى سَرْحِ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَذَهَبُوا بِالْعَضْبَاءِ، قَالَ: فَلَمَّا ذَهَبُوا بِهَا، وَأَسَرُوا امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، قَالَ: فَكَانُوا إِذَا كَانَ اللَّيْلُ يُرِيحُونَ إِبِلَهُمْ فِي أَفْنِيَتِهِمْ، قَالَ: فَنُوِّمُوا لَيْلَةً، وَقَامَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ، فَجَعَلَتْ لَا تَضَعُ يَدَهَا عَلَى بَعِيرٍ إِلَّا رَغَا، حَتَّى أَتَتْ عَلَى الْعَضْبَاءِ، قَالَ: فَأَتَتْ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ ذَلُولٍ مُجَرَّسَةٍ، قَالَ: فَرَكِبَتْهَا، ثُمَّ جَعَلَتْ لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهَا إِنْ نَجَّاهَا اللَّهُ لَتَنْحَرَنَّهَا، قَالَ: فَلَمَّا قَدِمَتِ الْمَدِينَةَ عُرِفَتِ النَّاقَةُ نَاقَةُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأُخْبِرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِذَلِكَ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا، فَجِيءَ بِهَا، وَأُخْبِرَ بِنَذْرِهَا، فَقَالَ: بِئْسَ مَا جَزَيْتِيهَا أَوْ جَزَتْهَا، إِنِ اللَّهُ أَنْجَاهَا عَلَيْهَا لَتَنْحَرَنَّهَا، لَا وَفَاءَ لِنَذْرٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ، وَلَا فِيمَا لَا يَمْلِكُ ابْنُ آدَمَ ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد: وَالْمَرْأَةُ هَذِهِ امْرَأَةُ أَبِي ذَرٍّ.
SAHIH HADITH:
Imran bin Husain said: Adba belonged to a man of Banu Aqil. It used to go ahead of pligrims. The man was then captivated. He was brought in chains to the Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم. The Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم was riding on a donkey with a blanket on him. He said: Muhammad, why do you arrest me and capture the one (i. e. the she-camel) which goes ahead of the pilgrims. He replied: We are arresting you on account of the crime committed by your allies Thaqid. Thaqif captivated two persons from among the Companions of the Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم. He said (whatever he said) I am a Muslim, or he said: I have embraced Islam. When the Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم went ahead, he called him: O Muhammed, O Muhammed. Abu Dawud said: I learnt it from the version of the narrator Muhammad bin 'Isa. The Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم was compassionate and kind hearted. So he returned to him, and asked: What is the matter with you ? He replied: I am a Muslim. He said: Had you said it when the matter was in your hand, you would have succeeded completely. Abu Dawud said: I then returned to the version of the narrator Sulaiman (b. Harb). He said: Muhammad, I am hungry, so feed me. I am thirsty, so give me water. The Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم said: This is your need, or he said: This is his need (the narrator is doubtful). Later on the man was taken back (by Thaqif) as a ransom for the two men (of the Companions of the Prophet). The Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم retained Adba for his journey. The narrator said: The polytheists raided the pasturing animals of Madina and they took away Adba. When they took away Adba, they also captivated a Muslim woman. They used to leave their camels in the fields for rest at night. One night they slept and the (Muslim) woman stood up. Any camel on which she put her hand brayed until she came to Adba. She came to a she-camel which was docile and experienced. She then rode on her and vowed to Allah that if He saved her, she would sacrifice it. When she came to Madina, the people recognized the she-camel of the Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم. The Prophet صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم was then informed about it and he sent for her. She was brought to him and she informed him about her vow. He said: It is a bad return that you have given it. Allah has not saved you, on its (back) that you now sacrifice it. A vow to do an act of disobedience must not be fulfilled, or to do something over which one has no control. Abu Dawud said: This woman was the wife of Abu Dharr.
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