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Hadith 1558 of the book on military expeditions by jami al tirmizi

(1558) What Has Been Related About Ahl Adh-Dhimmah Fighting With The Muslims, Are They To Recieve A Share Of The Spoils Of War ?

حَدَّثَنَا الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْنٌ، حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نِيَارٍ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ:‏‏‏‏ أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَرَجَ إِلَى بَدْرٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِحَرَّةِ الْوَبَرَةِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏لَحِقَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَذْكُرُ مِنْهُ جُرْأَةً وَنَجْدَةً، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ أَلَسْتَ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ؟ ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ ارْجِعْ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَلَنْ أَسْتَعِينَ بِمُشْرِكٍ ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ كَلَامٌ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ هَذَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالُوا:‏‏‏‏ لَا يُسْهَمُ لِأَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ وَإِنْ قَاتَلُوا مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْعَدُوَّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَرَأَى بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ:‏‏‏‏ أَنْ يُسْهَمَ لَهُمْ إِذَا شَهِدُوا الْقِتَالَ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ. (حديث مرفوع) وَيُرْوَى عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:‏‏‏‏ أَسْهَمَ لِقَوْمٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ قَاتَلُوا مَعَهُ ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عَزْرَةَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، بِهَذَا.

SAHIH HADITH:

Narrated 'Aishah: That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) advanced towards Badr till he reached Harrah Al-Wabr where he was met by a man from the idolaters, about whom it was said he was brave and courageous. The Prophet (ﷺ) said to him: Do you believe in Allah and his Messenger? He said: No. He said: Then return, because we do not seek aid from an idolater. The Hadith has more dialogue than this. And this is a Hasan Gharib Hadith. This is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge. They say that the people of Adh-Dhimmah do not recieve a share, even it they were to fight along with the Muslims against the enemy. Some of the people of knowledge said that they are given a share when they attend the battle with the Muslims. It has been related by Az-Zuhri, that the Prophet (ﷺ) gave a portion to some people among the Jews who fought along with him. This was narrated to us by Qutaibah (who said): Abdul-Warith bin Sa'eed narrated to us from 'Urwah bin Thabit, from Az-Zuhri. This Hadith is Hasan Gharib.

REFERENCE:

jami al tirmizi 5: Chapter 257, Hadith 1558

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