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the book of tauhid (islamic monotheism)
(3911) The emigration of the Prophet and hiscompanions to Al-Madina
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ صُهَيْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: "أَقْبَلَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَهُوَ مُرْدِفٌ أَبَا بَكْرٍ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ شَيْخٌ يُعْرَفُ وَنَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَابٌّ لَا يُعْرَفُ، قَالَ: فَيَلْقَى الرَّجُلُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَيَقُولُ: يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ، مَنْ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ؟ فَيَقُولُ: هَذَا الرَّجُلُ يَهْدِينِي السَّبِيلَ، قَالَ: فَيَحْسِبُ الْحَاسِبُ أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا يَعْنِي الطَّرِيقَ، وَإِنَّمَا يَعْنِي سَبِيلَ الْخَيْرِ، فَالْتَفَتَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِفَارِسٍ قَدْ لَحِقَهُمْ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، هَذَا فَارِسٌ قَدْ لَحِقَ بِنَا، فَالْتَفَتَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: "اللَّهُمَّ اصْرَعْهُ"، فَصَرَعَهُ الْفَرَسُ، ثُمَّ قَامَتْ تُحَمْحِمُ، فَقَالَ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ مُرْنِي بِمَا شِئْتَ، قَالَ: فَقِفْ مَكَانَكَ لَا تَتْرُكَنَّ أَحَدًا يَلْحَقُ بِنَا، قَالَ: فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ جَاهِدًا عَلَى نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَكَانَ آخِرَ النَّهَارِ مَسْلَحَةً لَهُ فَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَانِبَ الْحَرَّةِ، ثُمَّ بَعَثَ إِلَى الْأَنْصَارِ، فَجَاءُوا إِلَى نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ فَسَلَّمُوا عَلَيْهِمَا، وَقَالُوا: ارْكَبَا آمِنَيْنِ مُطَاعَيْنِ، فَرَكِبَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَحَفُّوا دُونَهُمَا بِالسِّلَاحِ، فَقِيلَ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ: جَاءَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ، جَاءَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَشْرَفُوا يَنْظُرُونَ وَيَقُولُونَ: جَاءَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ، جَاءَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ، فَأَقْبَلَ يَسِيرُ حَتَّى نَزَلَ جَانِبَ دَارِ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ فَإِنَّهُ لَيُحَدِّثُ أَهْلَهُ إِذْ سَمِعَ بِهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ وَهُوَ فِي نَخْلٍ لِأَهْلِهِ يَخْتَرِفُ لَهُمْ، فَعَجِلَ أَنْ يَضَعَ الَّذِي يَخْتَرِفُ لَهُمْ فِيهَا، فَجَاءَ وَهِيَ مَعَهُ فَسَمِعَ مِنْ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ، فَقَالَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "أَيُّ بُيُوتِ أَهْلِنَا أَقْرَبُ؟"فَقَالَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ: أَنَا يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ هَذِهِ دَارِي وَهَذَا بَابِي، قَالَ: فَانْطَلِقْ فَهَيِّئْ لَنَا مَقِيلًا، قَالَ: قُومَا عَلَى بَرَكَةِ اللَّهِ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، جَاءَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ، فَقَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَأَنَّكَ جِئْتَ بِحَقٍّ، وَقَدْ عَلِمَتْ يَهُودُ أَنِّي سَيِّدُهُمْ وَابْنُ سَيِّدِهِمْ، وَأَعْلَمُهُمْ وَابْنُ أَعْلَمِهِمْ، فَادْعُهُمْ فَاسْأَلْهُمْ عَنِّي قَبْلَ أَنْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنِّي قَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ، فَإِنَّهُمْ إِنْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنِّي قَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ، قَالُوا فِيَّ مَا لَيْسَ فِيَّ، فَأَرْسَلَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَقْبَلُوا فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "يَا مَعْشَرَ الْيَهُودِ، وَيْلَكُمْ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ، فَوَاللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ حَقًّا، وَأَنِّي جِئْتُكُمْ بِحَقٍّ فَأَسْلِمُوا"، قَالُوا: مَا نَعْلَمُهُ، قَالُوا: لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَهَا: ثَلَاثَ مِرَارٍ، قَالَ: "فَأَيُّ رَجُلٍ فِيكُمْ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ؟ قَالُوا: ذَاكَ سَيِّدُنَا وَابْنُ سَيِّدِنَا، وَأَعْلَمُنَا وَابْنُ أَعْلَمِنَا، قَالَ: "أَفَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَسْلَمَ؟"قَالُوا: حَاشَى لِلَّهِ مَا كَانَ لِيُسْلِمَ، قَالَ: "أَفَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَسْلَمَ؟"قَالُوا: حَاشَى لِلَّهِ مَا كَانَ لِيُسْلِمَ، قَالَ: "أَفَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَسْلَمَ؟"قَالُوا: حَاشَى لِلَّهِ مَا كَانَ لِيُسْلِمَ، قَالَ: "يَا ابْنَ سَلَامٍ، اخْرُجْ عَلَيْهِمْ"، فَخَرَجَ فَقَالَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ الْيَهُودِ، اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ، فَوَاللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَأَنَّهُ جَاءَ بِحَقٍّ، فَقَالُوا: كَذَبْتَ، فَأَخْرَجَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ".
SAHIH HADITH:
Narrated Anas bin Malik: Allah's Apostle arrived at Medina with Abu Bakr, riding behind him on the same camel. Abu Bakr was an elderly man known to the people, while Allah's Apostle was a youth that was unknown. Thus, if a man met Abu Bakr, he would day, O Abu Bakr! Who is this man in front of you? Abu Bakr would say, This man shows me the Way, One would think that Abu Bakr meant the road, while in fact, Abu Bakr meant the way of virtue and good. Then Abu Bakr looked behind and saw a horse-rider persuing them. He said, O Allah's Apostle! This is a horse-rider persuing us. The Prophet looked behind and said, O Allah! Cause him to fall down. So the horse threw him down and got up neighing. After that the rider, Suraqa said, O Allah's Prophet! Order me whatever you want. The Prophet said, Stay where you are and do not allow anybody to reach us. So, in the first part of the day Suraqa was an enemy of Allah's Prophet and in the last part of it, he was a protector. Then Allah's Apostle alighted by the side of the Al-Harra and sent a message to the Ansar, and they came to Allah's Prophet and Abu Bakr, and having greeted them, they said, Ride (your she-camels) safe and obeyed. Allah's Apostle and Abu Bakr rode and the Ansar, carrying their arms, surrounded them. The news that Allah's Prophet had come circulated in Medina. The people came out and were eagerly looking and saying Allah's Prophet has come! Allah's Prophet has come! So the Prophet went on till he alighted near the house of Abu Aiyub. While the Prophet was speaking with the family members of Abu Aiyub, `Abdullah bin Salam heard the news of his arrival while he himself was picking the dates for his family from his family garden. He hurried to the Prophet carrying the dates which he had collected for his family from the garden. He listened to Allah's Prophet and then went home. Then Allah's Prophet said, Which is the nearest of the houses of our Kith and kin? Abu Aiyub replied, Mine, O Allah's Prophet! This is my house and this is my gate. The Prophet said, Go and prepare a place for our midday rest. Abu Aiyub said, Get up (both of you) with Allah's Blessings. So when Allah's Prophet went into the house, `Abdullah bin Salaim came and said I testify that you (i.e. Muhammad) are Apostle of Allah and that you have come with the Truth. The Jews know well that I am their chief and the son of their chief and the most learned amongst them and the son of the most learned amongst them. So send for them (i.e. Jews) and ask them about me before they know that I have embraced Islam, for if they know that they will say about me things which are not correct. So Allah's Apostle sent for them, and they came and entered. Allah's Apostle said to them, O (the group of) Jews! Woe to you: be afraid of Allah. By Allah except Whom none has the right to be worshipped, you people know for certain, that I am Apostle of Allah and that I have come to you with the Truth, so embrace Islam. The Jews replied, We do not know this. So they said this to the Prophet and he repeated it thrice. Then he said, What sort of a man is `Abdullah bin Salam amongst you? They said, He is our chief and the son of our chief and the most learned man, and the son of the most learned amongst us. He said, What would you think if he should embrace Islam? They said, Allah forbid! He can not embrace Islam. He said, What would you think if he should embrace Islam? They said, Allah forbid! He can not embrace Islam. He said, What would you think if he should embrace Islam? They said, Allah forbid! He can not embrace Islam. He said, O Ibn Salaim! Come out to them. He came out and said, O (the group of) Jews! Be afraid of Allah except Whom none has the right to be worshipped. You know for certain that he is Apostle of Allah and that he has brought a True Religion!' They said, You tell a lie. On that Allah's Apostle turned them out.
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